This volume summarizes the lectures by M. Luisa Martin-Merás, Head of Research of the Departamento de Cartografía y Biblioteca del Museo Naval de Madrid and member of the Historic Marine Institute (CSIC), by Max Justo Guedes, Director of the Directoria do Patrimônio Histórico e Cultural da Marinha, Capitao-de-Mar-e-Guerra, and member of seventeen institutes and various national and foreign academies, and by José Ignacio González Leiva, Ph.D. in Geography from the University of Barcelona, ?? Professor of  the Instituto de Geografía and Dean of the Faculty of History, Geography and Political Science, on the occasion of the celebration of the ninth course on the history of cartography dedicated to the Latin American cartography.